nanoid

> 编程语言

开源

一个小巧、安全、支持 URL 的、唯一字符串 ID 生成器，用于 Rust

615 stars0 点赞1 次浏览

访问官网 GitHub

工具介绍

一个小巧、安全、支持 URL 的、唯一字符串 ID 生成器，用于 Rust

Nano ID

A tiny, secure, URL-friendly, unique string ID generator for Rust

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;

fn main() {
   let id = nanoid!(); //=> "Yo1Tr9F3iF-LFHX9i9GvA"
}

Safe. It uses cryptographically strong random APIs and guarantees a proper distribution of symbols.

Compact. It uses a larger alphabet than UUID (A-Za-z0-9_-) and has a similar number of unique IDs in just 21 symbols instead of 36.

Usage

Install

toml

[dependencies]
nanoid = "0.5.0"

Simple

The main module uses URL-friendly symbols (A-Za-z0-9_-) and returns an ID with 21 characters.

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;

fn main() {
   let id = nanoid!(); //=> "Yo1Tr9F3iF-LFHX9i9GvA"
}

Symbols -,.() are not encoded in the URL. If used at the end of a link they could be identified as a punctuation symbol.

Custom length

If you want to reduce ID length (and increase collisions probability), you can pass the length as an argument generate function:

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;

fn main() {
   let id = nanoid!(10); //=> "IRFa-VaY2b"
}

Custom Alphabet or Length

If you want to change the ID's alphabet or length, you can simply pass the custom alphabet to the nanoid!() macro as the second parameter:

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;

fn main() {
    let alphabet: [char; 16] = [
        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
    ];

   let id = nanoid!(10, &alphabet); //=> "4f90d13a42"
}

Alphabet must contain 256 symbols or less. Otherwise, the generator will not be secure.

Custom Random Bytes Generator

You can replace the default safe random generator by passing your own function as the third argument to nanoid!(). For instance, to use a seed-based generator.

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;

fn random_byte () -> u8 { 0 }

fn main() {
    fn random (size: usize) -> Vec {
        let mut bytes: Vec = vec![0; size];

        for i in 0..size {
            bytes[i] = random_byte();
        }

        bytes
    }

    nanoid!(10, &['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'], random); //=> "fbaefaadeb"
}

random function must accept the array size and return an vector with random numbers.

If you want to use the same URL-friendly symbols with a custom random source, the default alphabet is exposed as nanoid::alphabet::SAFE:

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;

fn random (size: usize) -> Vec {
    let result: Vec = vec![0; size];

    result
}

fn main() {
    nanoid!(10, &nanoid::alphabet::SAFE, random); //=> "93ce_Ltuub"
}

Seeded Random Generator

You can use a seeded random generator for reproducible IDs. This is useful for testing or when you need deterministic output.

rust

use nanoid::nanoid;
use rand::{rngs::StdRng, Rng, SeedableRng};

fn main() {
    let mut rng = StdRng::seed_from_u64(42);

    let id = nanoid!(10, &nanoid::alphabet::SAFE, |size| {
        let mut bytes = vec![0u8; size];
        rng.fill(&mut bytes[..]);
        bytes
    });

    println!("{}", id); //=> "wyBwxRa4Xf"
}