feat: Component Model Proposal and WASI Preview 2 in WasmEdge

Currently, all component model PRs will be merged into dev/component after reviewing.

Contribution

To contribute the component-model implmentation, please follow the steps, or the PR would be closed directly.

1. PR should base on the dev/component branch.
2. Follow the contribution requirements: linting pass and DCO.

Summary

This issue is for tracking the implmentation status of Component Model proposal and WASI preview 2.

Component Model Implementation

Current implementation status

✅ Full · Partial · ❌ None · — N/A

Partition	Load	Validate	Instantiate	Execute
CoreModuleSection
└ Module	✅	✅	✅	✅
CoreInstanceSection
└ Instantiate	✅	✅	✅	—
└ InlineExports	✅	✅	✅	—
CoreTypeSection
└ RecType	✅	✅	✅	—
└ ModuleType	✅	✅	✅	—
ComponentSection
└ Component (recursive)	✅	✅	✅	✅
InstanceSection
└ Instantiate	✅	✅	✅	—
└ InlineExports	✅	✅	✅	—
AliasSection
└ Export	✅	✅	✅	—
└ CoreExport	✅	✅	✅	—
└ Outer	✅	✅	✅	—
TypeSection
└ PrimValType	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ RecordTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ VariantTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ ListTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ TupleTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ FlagsTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ EnumTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ OptionTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ ResultTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ OwnTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ BorrowTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ MapTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ StreamTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ FutureTy	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ FuncType	✅	✅	✅	—
└ ComponentType	✅	✅	✅	—
└ InstanceType	✅	✅	✅	—
└ ResourceType	✅	✅	✅	—
CanonSection
└ lift	✅	✅	✅ ¹	✅
└ lower	✅	✅	✅ ¹	✅
└ resource.new	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ resource.drop	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ resource.rep	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ backpressure.inc / backpressure.dec	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ task.return / task.cancel	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ context.get / context.set	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ yield	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ subtask.*	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ stream.*	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ future.*	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ error-context.*	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ waitable-set.*	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ waitable.join	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ thread.index / thread.new-indirect / thread.resume-later	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ thread.suspend / thread.{suspend,yield}-then-{resume,promote}	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ thread.spawn_ref / thread.spawn_indirect / thread.available_parallelism	✅	❌ ²	❌ ²	❌ ²
StartSection
└ Start	✅	✅	✅	✅
ImportSection
└ Import	✅	✅	³	—
ExportSection
└ Export	✅	✅	✅	—
ValueSection
└ Value	✅	✅	✅	✅

¹ The canonical ABI over a 64-bit linear memory validates, but instantiation still rejects it with "canonical ABI over a 64-bit memory is not implemented". ² The shared-everything-threads (②) built-ins are decoded by the loader, and the validator rejects them as not supported yet. That proposal is out of scope for this PR. ³ Every sort is wired at runtime — func, type, instance, component, and core module — and an abstract resource import mints a fresh opaque host identity. The value sort has no host-side provider, so a value import is still rejected as not found.

Current spec tests passing status (base on PR 5170)

WasmEdge used the tests from wasm-tools on component-model proposal repo for the spec tests. The test suites are converted into the json+wasm files under the component-model folder of WasmEdge-spectest repo.

✅ Pass · — Not covered by this suite · ❌ Fail

Test Name	load, malformed	validate, invalidate	instantiate, module_define	invokation
component-model-binary (test/binary)
└ binary.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
component-model-validation (test/validation)
└ abi.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
└ annotated-names.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
└ attributes.wast	✅	✅	—	—
└ core-modules.wast	✅	✅	—	—
└ defined-types.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
└ extern-names.wast	✅	✅	—	—
└ external-visibility.wast	✅	✅	—	—
└ indicies.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
└ instantiation.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
└ kebab.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
└ outer-alias.wast	✅	✅	—	—
└ resources.wast	✅	✅	✅	—
component-model-resources (test/resources)
└ borrows.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ handle-table.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ multiple-resources.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
component-model-linking (test/linking)
└ link-time-virtualization.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ shared-everything-dynamic-linking.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ tags.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ unit.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
component-model-async (test/async)
└ async-calls-sync.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ big-interleaving-test.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ builtin-trap-poisons-instance.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ cancel-stream.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ cancel-subtask.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ cancellable.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ closed-stream.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ cross-abi-calls.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ cross-task-future.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ deadlock.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ dont-block-start.wast	—	—	✅	—
└ drop-cross-task-borrow.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ drop-stream.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ drop-subtask.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ drop-waitable-set.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ during-sync-call-may-block-if-other-ready-threads.wast	✅	✅	✅	❌ ¹
└ during-sync-call-no-exclusive-resume.wast	✅	✅	✅	❌ ¹
└ during-sync-call-no-sibling-resume.wast	✅	✅	✅	❌ ¹
└ empty-wait.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ futures-must-write.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ partial-stream-copies.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ passing-resources.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ same-component-stream-future.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ sync-barges-in.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ sync-streams.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ trap-if-block-and-sync.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ trap-if-done.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ trap-if-sync-and-waitable-set.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ trap-if-transfer-in-waitable-set.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ trap-on-reenter.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ validate-no-async-abi-for-sync-type.wast	—	✅	—	—
└ validate-no-stream-char.wast	—	✅	—	—
└ wait-during-callback.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ zero-length.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
component-model-values (test/values)
└ alignment.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ concat.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ numerics.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ post-return.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ realloc.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ strings.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ transcode.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅
└ variants.wast	✅	✅	✅	✅

¹ Listed in the upstream test/nyi.txt: no engine implements these yet. They need a spawned thread to stay alive across two separate host calls, which the teardown at the outermost embedder invoke does not support.

Tracking issues for phases

1. Spec tests architecture
   • #4695
   • #4712
2. Loader
   • #4276
   • #4702
3. Validator
   • #4441
4. Instantiation and Executor
   • #4711

WASI Preview2

We are working on architecture tests for the WASI 0.2 API. We plan to implement wasi-random and wasi-clocks first for validation before rolling out the full implementation.

WASI 0.2 APIs	Status
wasi-io	❌
wasi-clocks	❌
wasi-random	❌
wasi-filesystem	❌
wasi-sockets	❌
wasi-cli	❌
wasi-http	❌

Appendix

Links

1. Previous component model issue: #2943
2. Previous WASI preview2 issue: #2939
3. Working branch: proposal/component, proposal/wasi_preview2

Previous issues:

1. Loader:
   • #4123
   • #4127
   • #4148
   • #4162
   • #4173
2. Validator:
   • #4044
   • #3150
   • #4173
   • #4268
   • #4442
   • #4528
   • #4529
   • #4601
   • #4612
3. Executor
   • #3151
   • #4275
   • #4321
   • #4333
   • #4334
4. Fix or related PRs
   • #4287
5. Tests
   • #4444
   • #4625
   • #4666
   • #4667