Feature Request: Add TypeScript Type Definitions

Proposal

Add TypeScript type definitions for the algorithms and data structures to enhance code quality and developer experience.

Benefits

• Better IDE support with type hints
• Catch potential type-related bugs at compile time
• Improved documentation through type definitions
• Better integration with TypeScript projects

Implementation Approach

1. Create .d.ts files for each algorithm
2. Add type definitions for function parameters and return values
3. Document complex types and interfaces
4. Add type tests to ensure type safety