High: several sensitive admin actions bypass sudo re-authentication

Summary

Several high-impact administrative actions appear to require only PRIV_EDIT_SYSTEM but do not enforce requireSudo re-authentication, while other sensitive admin routes in the same file do require sudo confirmation.

This leads to inconsistent protection for dangerous actions such as restart, script execution, and bulk user import.

Impact

If an admin session is stolen, left open, or used in a shared environment, an attacker may be able to:

• restart the service
• execute system scripts
• bulk import accounts and modify groups

without triggering the extra sudo confirmation that is already used elsewhere for sensitive operations.

Code References

Sensitive actions without requireSudo

• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts:80-89
  • postRestart() executes pm2 reload
• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts:92-131
  • SystemScriptHandler.post() executes global.Hydro.script[id].run(...)
• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts:235-307
  • SystemUserImportHandler.post() performs bulk user creation and group updates

Sensitive actions with requireSudo in the same file

• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts:134-170
  • system settings
• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts:173-231
  • config editing
• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts:314-349
  • user privilege management

Sudo implementation

• packages/hydrooj/src/service/server.ts:47-73
  • requireSudo decorator implementation

Why this is a security issue

The project already recognizes the need for step-up authentication through requireSudo, but the protection is applied inconsistently.

Restarting the service, executing system scripts, and bulk importing users are all high-impact actions and should be protected at least as strictly as settings or privilege pages.

Suggested Fix

• Apply @requireSudo consistently to all high-impact administrative actions.
• Review all /manage/* handlers for step-up authentication consistency.
• Consider documenting a security policy for which actions must require sudo confirmation.

Additional Notes

This report is based on code review of:

• packages/hydrooj/src/handler/manage.ts
• packages/hydrooj/src/service/server.ts